Which analysis technique aims to identify the root causes of defects to prevent their recurrence?

The analysis technique that focuses on identifying the root causes of defects to prevent their recurrence is Root Cause Analysis (RCA). This method involves a systematic process for identifying the fundamental reasons for faults or problems and addressing those underlying issues rather than merely treating the symptoms. By understanding the root causes, organizations can implement corrective actions that lead to long-term improvements and a reduction in the frequency of similar defects in the future.

In contrast, Defect Taxonomy is concerned with classifying defects into categories to better understand the types and patterns of defects within a system, which can help in identifying areas for improvement but does not directly address root causes. Impact Analysis focuses on assessing the consequences of changes to the software, such as evaluating how a change might affect existing functionalities, rather than investigating why defects occur. Regression Analysis is a statistical method used primarily for understanding relationships between variables and predicting outcomes, and it does not specifically target defect analysis.