What does the term 'test design' refer to in testing?

The term 'test design' in the context of software testing refers to the comprehensive process involved in identifying and specifying test conditions, designing test cases, and preparing test data. This crucial phase ensures that the testing process is systematic and effective, as it lays the groundwork for how tests will be executed.

During test design, test analysts assess the requirements and specifications of the software to pinpoint what needs to be tested. They then create detailed test cases that outline the steps necessary to validate that the software performs as expected. Additionally, preparing test data is a critical aspect of this phase, as it ensures that the tests can be executed under realistic conditions that mimic actual usage scenarios.

This structured approach in test design helps in identifying potential defects early in the development lifecycle, thereby enhancing the quality of the final product and optimizing testing efforts.